Respuesta :
Explanation:
In self-pollinating plants, there is less dependence on the external factors to cause pollination. These plants depend on wind or other smaller insects that visit the flower regularly. In self- pollinating flowers, the anthers, and stigma are of similar lengths to facilitate the transfer of pollen.
Answer:
The two types of Pollination are Self Pollination and Cross Pollination.
Explanation.
During the process of fertilizations in green plants ,mature gametes (pollen grains) are transferred from the male reproductive parts(flowers) of plants(anther) to the receptive female reproductive parts of the same plants or another plants of the same species(stigma) for fertilizations to take place .This process is called Pollination.
If the transfer takes place between the anther and stigma of the same plants, this is Self pollination. However if between the anther and stigma of another plants, but of the same species it is called cross pollination.
Therefore, the two types;
• Self-Pollination
• Cross pollination.
Self-Pollination.
This is one of the process of reproduction in hermaphrodite or monoecious Plants. Plants with male and female reproductive parts in their flowers.
• The reproductive parts(anther and filament) are naturally created close to one another in most cases.
• They are also of propionate length to facilitate the the reacceptance of pollen grains from anther on the stigma.
• The stamen and carpel usually mature at the same time to aid pollination.
.Its advantages are-
• No diversity of genes since there is no cross over at meiosis, therefore the genome is pure for progeny of similar traits to the parents.
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• Its allow the manifestation of the recessive allele, and therefore stability of the same type of parent plant from generation to generation.
• Does not depend on external factors or agents. therefore, pollen grains are not wasted. Pollination is usually 100% success rate.
• Disadvantages.
• Lack of variation leads to plants with loss of vigor. This affect the quality of offspring produced.
• The progenies has low resistance to diseases leading to poor yield. This may lead to loss of the plant lineage with time because plants with high vigor may evolve with time, based on Darwin Theory.
• Cross pollination.
This occurs in Dioecious plants. That is plants with district male and female reproductive flowering parts.
It depends on the external factors or agents of wind, water, animals (including human) insects to take place. These factors transfer(i.e Cross) the mature pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the another flower of another plants but of the same species. Based on the agent of pollination, cross pollination can be placed into different groups.
Advantages.
Since there is blend of traits among different plants of the same species, there is diversity of genes through variation. This ensures;
Progeny with characteristics different from each of the parents Hybrid). The beneficial effects of these are;
High vigor.
High resistant to diseases.
High yield.
Evolution of new species over time.
However, wastage of pollen in transition and loss of good traits through the agents are few disadvantages. Although plants make up for this with large amount of pollen produced.
Because cross pollination allow genetic diversity through blending of genes from different plants of the same species, it ensure survival of the plants with better vigor more than self pollination because the progeny becomes weak and later edged out by the more dominant progeny from the cross palliation.
This is the survival of the fittest by natural selection.
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