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Answer:
1 DNA unwinds
2 Daughter strands are formed using complementary base pairing.
3 The DNA of the daughter strands winds with together with its parent strand.
Explanation:
The correct question is: Number the steps of DNA replication in the correct order (1, 2, 3):
Daughter strands are formed using complementary base pairing.
DNA unwinds
The DNA of the daughter strands winds with together with its parent strand.
DNA replication is a process during which the DNA makes a copy of itself. The double helix structure of the DNA first and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of daughter strands. Thereafter, newly synthesized daughter strands wind with their parent strands.
Because each of the two new double stranded DNA produced consists of one old strand and one daughter strand, the DNA replication process is said to be semi-conservative.
The process can be summarized in 3 steps:
- Formation of replication fork during which the DNA unwinds
- Binding of RNA primer (a short pieces of nucleotide) to the starting point of replication.
- Addition of bases to the primer, leading to elongation of the new strands.
- Termination
From the question, the correct list of steps would be:
1 DNA unwinds
2 Daughter strands are formed using complementary base pairing.
3 The DNA of the daughter strands winds with together with its parent strand.
DNI replication occurs in three steps: 1) Initiation that involves the strands separation and replication fork formation. 2) Elongation that allows the new strains to grow. 3) Termination gives a final to the replication process.
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DNA replication is the process through which DNI molecule duplicates.
This event takes place during the S stage of the interphase.
DNI replication is semi-conservative because each new molecule carries an original DNI strand and a new one.
The fact that the new molecule is composed of an original strand makes it semi-conservative. The old existing strands are used to synthesize the new complementary strand.
Replication occurs in three basic steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
- INITIATION
DNA Replication starts in some specific place named replication origin.
The replication origin requires helicase enzymes to separate the two original strands.
Helicase
• This is the first enzyme that works in the replication origin.
• It separates the DNA into two strands allowing the replication forks to advance by unwinding the DNA.
• It breaks hydrogen bonds between nitrogenated bases pairs.
The topoisomerase enzyme is necessary to release tension. It impedes the DNA double helix near the replication forks to get too coiled when the DNA is opening.
Other proteins are also needed to join the strains and keep them separated.
- ELONGATION
Once the molecule is opened, there is a region named replication fork.
DNA polymerase makes the new nucleotides enter into the fork and pairs them with the corresponding nucleotide of the original strand.
Adenine pairs timine, and cytosine pairs guanine.
DNA strands are antiparallel, and replication occurs only in 5´-3´direction.
One of the strands will replicate continuously, while the other strain will be formed by short fragments known as Okazaki fragments.
Primers are needed to make the DNA polymerase work.
Primers are small units of RNA and are placed at the beginning of each new fragment.
Primase is in charge of synthesizing primers.
DNA polymerase III
• This enzyme is responsible for DNA elongation.
• It is in charge of adding nucleotides to the growing chain, from 3' to 5' extremes.
• It includes only nucleotides that complement the original strand.
• They need to recognize a primer to begin
- TERMINATION
DNA polymerase I eliminate ARN primers and substitute them with DNA.
DNA ligase seals the gaps that remain after replacing the primers.
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